22 66 Sports Language in use: From the playing field to the laboratory Read the text about doping in sports. Some words are missing. Complete the text by writing one word for each gap (1–11) in the spaces provided. The first one (0) has been done for you. 4 “It’s not whether you win or … 0 but how you play the game.” That saying is used to define honour in sports. But today, many people question the honour of some top-performing athletes. They … 1 if these men and women have used banned substances to set records. When people talk about doping in sports, they often mean the use of anabolic steroids. Most sports organisations have banned the non-medical use of anabolic steroids, but some amateur and professional athletes continue … 2 them. They believe steroids help them when competing. Steroids are used to increase muscle strength but they can also … 3 the liver, increase cholesterol levels in the blood and stop production of the hormone testosterone. They can also cause personality changes. For example, steroid users may become angry for no reason. Some become … 4 on steroids: They feel they cannot live without them. Steroid users can become depressed and, in some cases, may want to take their own life. In the 1990s, the International Olympic Committee organised a conference that led to the creation of the World Anti-Doping Agency, known as WADA. The conference was first organised after French police found banned substances at the world famous Tour de France cycling event. WADA is an independent agency that creates and enforces common anti-doping rules. It is made up of representatives of the Olympic movement and officials from around the world. It receives financial support from many … 5 , including the United States. WADA says athletes have used substances to … 6 their performance for centuries. Ancient Greeks used special foods and drinks. Nineteenth century cyclists and others used alcohol, caffeine, cocaine – even strychnine, a strong poison. By the 1920s, sports organisations were attempting to stop the use of performance-enhancing substances. But they lacked scientific ways to … 7 for them. Today, drug testing labs are very well equipped. It’s a never-ending competition: Sports dopers are always looking for new substances and technologies to help them … 8 drug tests. And testers keep creating new tests for identifying the substances and fighting new technologies. A lot of people ask themselves what is … 9 with doping. They say sporting events would be fairer if all of the competitors could openly take part in doping. Yet, helping athletes perform better is not necessarily good for their health. Experts believe it is wrong to say that … 10 doping would create an equal playing field. To do so would let economic resources and scientific expertise decide the results of sporting events. Anti-doping officials say they want to protect the integrity, or honour, of sports by guaranteeing what they call a level playing field. They want to ensure that … 11 who do not use banned substances have an equal chance at winning. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 0 lose 6 1 7 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 ✔ Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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