K 128 Key b) 1. argument, 2. encouragement, 3. decision, 4. competition, 5. improvement, 6. description c) Individual answers Turning adjectives into nouns a) 1. Homelessness, 2. forgetfulness/laziness/ rudeness, 3. darkness, 4. weaknesses, 5. forgetfulness/laziness/rudeness, 6. Tiredness b) Individual answers Negatives a) nouns: unemployment, inequality, disbelief, disability, immobility, illumination, irritation, misfortune verbs: dislocate, disagree, misbehave, misunderstand, misspell, miscalculate adjectives: unexpected, unbelievable, unknown, unable, inaccurate, inappropriate, inefficient, incapable, dishonest, impossible, impolite, imperfect, impatient, illegal, illiterate, illogical, illegible, irregular, irresponsible, irrational, irresistible, careless, harmless, helpless, endless b) 1. dishonest, 2. unbelievable, 3. impolite, 4. misunderstood, 5. harmless, 6. illegal Unit 17 Relative clauses (Key) Non-defining relative clauses: Famous Australians a) 1. Actor Hugh Jackman, who was born on 12 October 1969 in Sydney, doesn’t smoke in real life and finds it very difficult to smoke in movies 2. Singer Kylie Minogue, whose first big hit in 1989 was called “I should be so lucky”, launched her own social network called KylieKonnect in 2007. 3. Media mogul Rupert Murdoch, who was a friend of US President Ronald Reagan, started with a local newspaper and expanded his empire in the UK, Asia and the USA. 4. Runner Cathy Freeman, who lit the Olympic flame at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, announced her retirement from competitive running in 2003. 5. Australia’s seventh Prime Minister Billy Hughes, whose nickname was “Little Digger”, changed parties five times over his parliamentary career of 51 years. 6. Fictitious character Dame Edna Everage, who is played by comedian Barry Humphries, has been mentioned on The Simpsons three times. b) Individual answers Defining or non-defining relative clause? 1. a, 2. b, 3. a, 4. a, 5. b The place where, the day when and the reason why Individual answers Contact clauses: The shortest possible form 1. The people climbing the tower are trying to get a better view. 2. The woman talking to your mother is my teacher. 3. The first speed boat I ever saw belonged to my uncle. 4. The new battery of the phone I had bought online unfortunately didn’t last long. 5. The bouquet was made from flowers grown locally. 6. This is the book I was talking to you about. Unit 18 Adverbial clauses (Key) Sentence halves a) 1. D, While; 2. G, as if; 3. A, As soon as; 4. B, Although; 5. C, because; 6. I, as; 7. J, Unless; 8. E, wherever; 9. F, so; 10. H, as if b) They tell us when, where, how or why something happened. c) Individual answers Language in use: An incident at Bowie High School 0: B, 1: B, 2: C, 3: A, 4: D, 5: D, 6: A, 7: D, 8: D, 9: C, 10: D Connecting sentences Sample answer 1. The five-cent coin looks very Canadian since it has a picture of a beaver on it. Because the five-cent coin has a picture of a beaver on it, it looks very Canadian. 2. You need proper shoes to go hiking in the Alps since the ground is rough and hard. Due to the rough and hard ground, you need proper shoes to go hiking in the Alps. 3. Before my brother started medical training he had driven a lorry for a living. My brother had driven a lorry for a living before he started medical training. 4. Although the dolphin lives in the sea it is not a fish, it’s a mammal. The dolphin is not a fish, it’s a mammal even though it lives in the sea. 5. When I was much younger, I enjoyed camping out. I enjoyed camping out when I was much younger. 6. American football players wear lots of protective clothing so they don’t get hurt much. American football players don’t get hurt much because they wear lots of protective clothing. 7. I took notes while I was at a presentation of the new accounting software. When I was at a presentation of the new accounting software I took notes. 8. Not only did Jake do the ironing, he also prepared breakfast. Jake did the ironing and prepared breakfast. 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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