Developing a fluent and concise written style Revision: Participle constructions a) Using participles makes sentences sound more fluent and concise. Replace the highlighted passages with suitable participle constructions. Although the sun did not appear at the weekend, this did not put off the crowds that had filled the streets for the Notting Hill Carnival 1 . As they had come to join the party 2 , everyone just wanted to have fun. As every year, the parade of colourful costumes was the highlight, because it provided a fantastic contrast with the grey sky above 3 . Visitors were also able to choose from hundreds of stalls that sold all kinds of food and drink 4 and to listen to bands that were playing world music 5 . Having started in 1964 as a small local festival that was organised by immigrants from Trinidad 6 , the Notting Hill Carnival is now the biggest street event in Europe, and while Caribbean traditions are still at its heart, it has developed and grown, and has brought many different cultures together 7 . When they reported their view of the carnival 8 , the police said it had been a great success. Hoping to prevent the usual problem of pick-pocketing, they had put up warning signs, and this seemed to have worked. As a result, they also had time to enjoy themselves. And for many people it was a surprise to see a police officer who was playing in a steel drum band 9 . b) Compare the new version with the original and describe the effect of participle constructions on the text. Participles after verbs expressing static action or movement a) Look at the following sentences and study the way in which the participles are used here. Example: People stood watching at their windows. The gang went running down the street. static action movement b) The text below is a true story told by Peterborough teenager Ricki Elliot. Find the correct pairs of verbs and put them in the right tenses and forms. The first one has been done for you. “I used to be the leader of the local white gang. In the evenings we always hung out waiting 1 in the street until the enemy arrived. Shaahid, a British Pakistani, and his Asian gang were always looking for trouble, too. They 2 towards us aggressively, stopping before they got to us. Then both gangs 3 racist names at each other. Sometimes this developed into fights. At the end of one fight I 4 on the ground after I had been hit with a hammer. Finally the Youth Service got involved. Shaahid and I were told we couldn’t 5 in our world of prejudice and hate and were sent away together to learn how to get on. Although at first we did not like this idea, in the end we 6 all night and discovered that we liked the same music, the same football team, and also each other! I’m really glad that now when Shaahid and I 7 for each other, it is not to fight the enemy – it is to meet a friend.” 1 2 come • march hang out • wait stay • live sit • talk go • look stand • shout lie • bleed 29 Writing skills 1 Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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