G “Going to” future How to use it A: Are you going to come to Ireland with us next spring? B: No, thanks, I’m going to fly to Madeira. • The “going to” future expresses a plan or an intention. Look at the time! We’re going to be late! • You can also use the “going to” future when you are sure that something will happen. Present progressive with future meaning How to use it A: What are you doing this weekend, Zach? B: Well, on Saturday morning I’m helping my parents in the shop, but I’m not doing anything special in the afternoon. • Use the present progressive when you talk about arrangements for the future (often with future adverbials like tomorrow, next week, etc.). Present simple with future meaning How to use it A: When does our plane leave? B: It leaves London at 8:50 and arrives in Vienna at 12:10. • You can use the present simple for timetable information like train times and programmes (often with to arrive, to begin, to leave, to end, etc.). Future progressive How to use it This time next month I’ll be enjoying myself in Florida. I’ll be visiting some relatives there. • The future progressive describes an activity in progress at a certain time in the future. Future perfect How to use it We’ll have finished the job by the end of this week, so we’ll have everything done when you come back. • The future perfect expresses that an activity will be completed by a certain time in the future. Non-finite verb forms The finite verb forms give you some information as to the grammatical person (I, you, she, etc.), the number (singular or plural) and the tense (present, past, future, etc.). Non-finite verb forms such as the infinitive, the gerund and the participles provide no such information. Finite verb form Non-finite verb forms Ken often plays video games. Ken wants to play his new game on the weekend. infinitive – 3rd person singular He enjoys playing video games with his friends. gerund – present simple His little sister sometimes watches them playing. participle a) The infinitive with to After certain verbs: infinitive with to Amy doesn’t want to go to university. After verb + object: But her mother would like her to become a doctor. After adjectives: It isn’t always easy to decide on the right job. After adjectives + for + (pro)noun: It was difficult for Amy to make up her mind. G 3 172 Grammar for reference (2) Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjU2NDQ5MQ==