64 B2+ | 8. Klasse | READING | Science and technology Read the article about energy sources. Some parts are missing. Choose the correct part (A–J) for each gap (1–7). There are two extra parts that you should not use. Write your answers in the boxes provided. The first one (0) has been done for you. 6 Skim the text and as you’re reading, and note what information is given about the topic in each paragraph, and how the main ideas develop from paragraph to paragraph. Remember that authors develop ideas by using grammatical structures or through particular words/phrases, such as conjunctions, demonstratives, relative pronouns, and adverbs of time, frequency or place. Read the text around the gaps carefully – think of ways to paraphrase the information that’s there. Put the options A–J (apart from the example) in the first gap to see which one fits. Repeat for each gap and check the distractors carefully. Make sure the information in the option fits with what comes before and after the gap. Top tips Working the reading task: Multiple matching The future of energy Fossil fuels, like oil, natural gas, and even coal, produce up to 80% of all energy that we consume, and our (0) puts us on track for a rapid depletion of these finite materials. This means that, if we’re not careful, we will run out of our precious, non-renewable resources. Burning fossil fuels in power plants is also hard on the environment. We’re talking about everything from ocean and air pollution to the destruction of entire ecosystems. The good news is that thanks to (1) , we’re now able to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. But what do we mean by ‘alternative energy sources’? Oil, natural gas and coal are our most traditional source of power generation. Therefore, the energy that’s produced from any source other than fossil fuels is alternative energy. Generally speaking, using alternative energy has a low environmental impact. You may well be wondering what (2) is; all renewable energy sources fall under the category of alternative energy sources, but it doesn’t work the other way round. This is because renewable energy sources are derived from naturally replenished sources or processes of Earth, such as the sun, wind, and water. We refer to these resources as renewable or sustainable (as in sustainable energy) since, unlike fossil fuels, this naturally occurring continual renewal makes them inexhaustible. Nevertheless, it’s possible for there to be alternative energy sources that are exhaustible, and therefore not renewable. That’s the difference. The equipment necessary to harness energy from alternative sources used to be very expensive, (3) . However, thanks to a sharply risen demand for alternative energy, that’s no longer the case: more experienced energy developers, competitive supply chains, improved renewable technologies, and enhanced energy efficiency capabilities. In fact, according to a recent report by the International Renewable Energy Agency, renewable power has now become cheaper than fossil fuels for electricity generation. Offshore wind power and solar photovoltaics, respectively, are currently the most affordable options when it comes to energy production. In fact, using (4) in yearly power system expenses. It could also lower annual carbon dioxide emissions by 1.8 gigatons1. Bioenergy, geothermal energy2, hydroelectric power, and nuclear power are, depending largely on location, also making their way into the financially competitive spotlight. When it comes to energy efficiency, the leader, by far, of the renewable energy pack is wind energy. Geothermal energy comes a close second 1 gigaton: a unit of measurement that equals one billion tonnes 2 geothermal energy: energy produced by tapping into underground reservoirs of hot water and steam Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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