62 Science and technology | When you are working a reading task that involves completing gaps in the text, it’s important to consider how the text is structured and how the writer develops ideas. You need to pay careful attention to the grammatical structures that are used, as well as the lexical cohesive devices such as conjunctions and (relative/personal/pssessive) pronouns. And, obviously, you need to consider the overall meaning – the sentence should make sense once you’ve inserted the information. Working with vocabulary A word in each sentence is incorrect. Write the correct word on the line. 1 Scientists have warned that we will be unable to refute environmental disaster unless people change their ways. 2 The government has shifted a number of changes in order to reduce carbon emissions. 3 I’ll have to air-dry my dress because the label advises against putting it in a washing machine. 4 I believe that it’s only through extracting people with lots of knowledge that we can make a real difference. 5 Sadly, it looks like we’re playing a losing battle with regards to getting the new waste facility moved elsewhere. 6 We’ve gone from a situation where we had an abundance of gas to a supply that’s rapidly overtaking. 7 lndustry is one of the main culprits responsible for releasing helpful by-products into the atmosphere. 8 Our new gas heating system is very economy-efficient, so our bills will be cheaper in the future. 9 lt’s important for scientists to be cheerful in the message they give people – they shouldn’t give mixed messages or give conflicting information. 10 There’s been a great deal of fascination in energy prices during the last few years; they’ve gone up and down several times. 11 I think it’s insufficient that reservoirs will run dry due to the increase in temperatures – it’s bound to happen! 12 Due to consumption of the cliffs, several buildings along the coast are in danger of falling into the sea. 1 Understanding text structure Writers develop ideas in a text by using grammatical structures or lexical words/phrases – verb tenses to show when something happened (past perfect, present continuous, future perfect), passive verb forms (present passive, present perfect passive), conjunctions to show reason/result/contrast (because, so, however), relative pronouns (which, where, who, that), demonstratives (this, that, these, those), adverbs of frequency (seldom, never), adverbs of place (here, there), possessive pronouns (its, their) or personal pronouns (he, she, they, it). 2 Key Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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