60 B2+ | 8. Klasse | READING | Nature and the environment Read the article again and complete the sentences (1–7) using a maximum of four words. Write your answers in the spaces provided. The first one (0) has been done for you. 6 Skim the text and look at any images and the title to get a ‘feel’ for it, i.e. understand what the text is about. Read the beginnings of the sentences and think of ways of completing them without referring back to the text. As you read through the text, check if you’re right and find the answer. DON’T look for word spots between the text and the sentences – instead identify synonyms and paraphrase. Remember that if a sentence refers to two or more people or places mentioned in the article, you may need to read across several sentences or paragraphs in the text to find the answer. Top tips Planning to volunteer at an elephant sanctuary? You might first want to check how ethical it is! “Many parks advertise themselves as sanctuaries, but they are not,” says Maria Mossman, founder of non-profit group Action for Elephants UK. “Never go to a park that advertises shows, unnatural behaviour, tricks or painting – and please never ride an elephant.” Mossman, who has been involved in elephant activism since 2013, and also organises global marches, says that real elephant sanctuaries will limit contact with the elephants, with visitors observing them from a distance the majority of the time. She warns travellers to bypass anywhere offering riding or allowing bathing sessions with elephants: “In some places this means a lot of people every hour with the elephants in the water – it’s not natural for an elephant to be in the water all day with lots of people climbing all over them.” Looking on review sites and images online before visiting elephant camps is also advised. Avoid any companies calling themselves ‘sanctuaries’ that are actually using bull-hooks or chains, or lacking basic provisions of water, food and shade. Vicki Brown, editor at activist travel company Responsible Travel, says that the prevalence of riding blatantly perpetuates the industry. “It increases demand for captive elephants to be used as tourist attractions – which means more baby elephants must be captured from the wild, or sometimes bred for a life in captivity,” she says. “Captive elephants should be allowed to live as naturally as possible, so if forced to display unnatural behaviours – such as dancing, painting or playing football – this is being done for the tourists’ benefit, not the elephants’. Don’t visit these places.” Mossman believes that the tourism sector needs to play a much bigger role’ in clamping down on animal tourism overall. Recently, Tripadvisor announced changes to its animal welfare policy, following the ‘no touching of wild animals’ addition in 2016. The company has also banned sales of tickets to ‘animal shows and performances where animals are forced to perform demeaning tricks or unnatural behaviours’. But it still lists these attractions on the site, and has been criticised for not going far enough. “We should question how educational touching captive wildlife can really be,” Brown says. It also permits encounters in zoos where ‘physical interaction is initiated by the animals themselves’, claiming this is ‘a natural behaviour’. But in their natural habitats, wild animals almost never initiate contact with humans, so to describe this as natural is misleading. Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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