54 Politics and public institutions | Multiple matching questions mean you have to match a question or statement to a paragraph or section of text. However, it’s easy to make a mistake when doing this type of exercise by simply matching vocabulary that appears in a question with a piece of text that has the same words. The writer will almost certainly use paraphrase in the text. Identifying paraphrase Read the extract from an article about politics, and underline any language that shows opinion, attitude or feeling. 1 A – You may have heard the terms ‘left-wing’ and ‘right-wing’ when it comes to discussing politics, but perhaps you’re unsure about what they mean. Both terms refer to the political spectrum, and we should think of this spectrum as a scale with two opposite ends – the left and the right. Each end represents a group of principles, and those on the left tend to oppose those on the right. Most of these principles are about the best way to organise society in order for people to thrive. B – Those on the left strive for an equal society, and hold that the government should play a large part in people’s lives in order to achieve this. They advocate higher taxes on the rich and welfare for the poor, and can take an interventionist approach to prevent a recession – a period of economic decline. Left-wingers tend to adopt a progressive outlook, meaning they favour social change or reform. A classic example of this is supporting same-sex marriage. C – Those on the right maintain that a certain level of social inequality is unavoidable and that the government should play a limited role in people’s lives. They are in favour of a ‘laissez-faire’ approach to the economy, which basically means they believe that the market should be left alone and that the economy will prosper in this way. Right-wingers tend to uphold more traditional views. Some examples of this are supporting the monarchy and providing tax benefits for married couples. D – Historically, the Labour party (UK), Green party (UK), Democratic party (US) and Socialist party (France) are considered as being left-wing, and the Conservative party (UK), Republican party (US) and Law and Justice party (Poland) as being right-wing. However, it’s worth bearing in mind that not all political parties can be neatly classified as left or right wing, as most will include elements of both. Find the following words in the article. 1 x verb that means do well: 1 x adjective that means conventional: 2 x verbs that mean believe: 3 x verbs/phrases that mean support: 2 Key Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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