150 Language skills Extras Explore 11 Saving the world Find the words in the fact file that match the definitions below. 1 carrying goods by train, truck, ship or aircraft: 2 the act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc. into the air: 3 water that is wide, deep and safe enough for a boat to sail on: 4 a vehicle with an engine that uses both petrol and another type of energy, usually electricity: 5 effective and able to be successful: 6 material used for covering something so heat, electricity or sound cannot escape or enter: 7 a business or a person involved in a business that transports goods by road: 8 money that you pay to use a bridge, road, etc.: 18 Did you know …? (1) The transport industry (road, rail, water and air transport) directly employs more than 11 million people and represents 5.1% of GVA (Gross Value Added). (2) In London, 20% of commuters spend more than two hours a day travelling to and from work, which adds up to one working day a week. (3) Sustainable transport solutions, at present being developed and implemented in various countries, will need to be exported around the world: EU drivers currently own more than 310 million of the world’s 1 billion cars. By 2050, car numbers will increase to more than 2.2 billion, with the sharpest growth in emerging economies. (4) To achieve Europe’s targeted 80% CO2 reduction (compared to 1990) by 2050, oil consumption in the transport sector must drop by around 70% from today. (5) Transport is responsible for 27% of the EU’s greenhouse gas emissions, with roads and trains accounting for about 80% of this. (6) The share of road transport in intra-EU long-distance freight transport is around 33%, while rail and navigable inland waterways like canals and rivers jointly contribute less than 20%. (7) Cars are the most popular mode of passenger transport across the EU: they represent some 72% of all passenger kilometres. 60% of cars have only one occupant and this percentage increases for commuting and business trips. (8) Green technology offers European companies huge commercial opportunities, but Europe is lagging behind its competitors. Japanese manufacturers are leading the field for hybrid cars, for example. (9) High-speed trains have transformed travel, and new plane engines will soon reduce aircraft emissions. Research and technology can provide solutions for more efficient and sustainable transport in the future. (10) By 2030, the EU wants to have at least 30 million zero-emission cars and 80,000 clean-energy lorries on Europe’s roads. (11) O ver three years in nine EU cities, the European Commission’s hydrogen bus project has demonstrated that hydrogen is a viable zero-emission alternative to diesel and petrol. (12) H igh-speed trains have cut travel time by 43–60%. The current speed record of 574.8 km/h was reached by a TGV in April 2007. (13) M odern trucks make less noise thanks to such technological innovations as special insulation, low rolling resistance tyres and other noise control techniques. (14) E ven before Brexit international hauliers needed the Eurovignette, 5 different national vignettes and 8 different tags and tolling contracts in their vehicles if they wished to drive on all European toll roads without stopping at tollbooths. (15) E very year about 11 million flights cross EU airspace. That makes an average of over 30,000 flights a day. Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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