Explore writing: A report on global warming Climate change is an increasingly important subject. Talk about these questions: 1 What are the causes of climate change? 3 What can governments do to help? 2 Can individuals do anything about it? Read the sample prompt and the report with the Writing coach tips. Underline the parts of the report that match the tips in the Writing coach. Sample prompt: Your school is calling for reports on climate change, and you have decided to write one. While researching online, you find this graph: Use the graph to write a report of about 200 words. You should: ■■ describe what the graph shows ■■ analyse the global trend ■■ make suggestions about how people should react Sample report 32 Annual anomalies in global land and ocean surface temperature, based on temperature departure (in degrees Celsius)* 1 0.75 Temperature departure in degrees Celsius 1900 1880 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 0.5 0.25 0 –0.25 –0.5 Source: NOAA © Statista 2019 * This statistic shows how much colder or warmer every year was compared with the 20th century average. In 2017, land and ocean surface temperature was around 0.84 degrees Celsius warmer than the average. 33 RISING GLOBAL TEMPERATURES 1880–2017 Introduction The aim of this report is to describe the change in average global temperatures since the late 19th century and suggest some possible solutions. Findings The graph shows how much warmer or cooler than the 20th century average each year has been since 1880. The coldest years were around 1910 – almost 0.3°C below the average. The warmest year was found to be 2016, which was around 0.95°C above the average. The graph also indicates that the overall trend is upwards – indeed, it can be seen that the hottest years on record were 2014–2017. Apart from a dip in the beginning of the 20th century and a small peak in the 1940s, temperatures have risen quite steadily over the period shown. Recommendations In order to bring temperatures under control, we suggest that carbon dioxide emissions must be brought down. This would include extending current green energy solutions such as wind and solar power and increasing the number of electric cars. Additionally, people should be encouraged to use public transport as much as possible. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that global temperatures have been steadily rising since 1880 and that this development should be dealt with by bringing down carbon dioxide emissions. Purpose: Providing factual information, presenting data. You can also make recommendations in a report. Findings: Are usually in one or more paragraphs. Try to link them if possible. You can use language such as: It was found …, The graph shows/ Indicates …, It can be seen that …, It appears that … Recommendations: Not every report will have them, but if you include this part, you can use language such as: We (would) suggest …, It is recommended …, It appears necessary … Structure: Reports often consist of introduction, findings, recommendations and conclusion. Use a new paragraph for every new idea/subtopic to make it easy to read. Always give your report an informative title. Writing coach Style: A report should be written in a formal register. Avoid using I/we in the findings and conclusion, and use the passive voice instead. Conclusion: Should be short and to the point. You can use expressions such as In conclusion …, To conclude, It can be said that … 40 Language skills Extras Explore 3 Getting connected Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des V rlags öbv
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