2 Circle the best word in the questions. 1 Do you have some / any brothers or sisters? 2 Have you done some / any exercise this week? 3 Could I have some / any orange juice, please? 4 Do you speak some / any foreign languages? 5 Can you give me some / any time to think about it? 6 Can I have some / any more paper, please? Passives Meaning 1 Compare: Alessandro Volta invented the electric battery in 1800. (ACTIVE) In this sentence, the writer is interested in Alessandro Volta. It could be from an article about Volta’s life. The electric battery was invented in 1800. (PASSIVE) In this sentence, the writer is most interested in the electric battery. The sentence could be from an article about the history of the battery. 2 You can use by to say who does / did the action in a passive sentence. The electric battery was invented by Alessandro Volta in 1800. But often you don’t use by because you don’t know who did the action, or it’s not important. Two hundred bikes are stolen in this city every week. Did you hear? Mike was offered an internship yesterday. Form You always make passives with be + past participle. Present simple passive: am/ is / are + past participle Past simple passive: was /were + past participle They’re made of glass. They aren’t made of plastic. Are they made of glass? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. It was invented in 1820. It wasn’t invented in the 18th century. Was it invented in the 19th century? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t. Practice 1 Put the words in order to make passive sentences. 1 ago /This bill / sent / two weeks /was / . 2 Are / these offices / every morning / cleaned / ? 3 invented / Alexander Bell /The telephone / by /was / . 4 lost /My sister’s books / in the post /were / . 5 Radium/Maria Skłodowska-Curie / discovered /was / by / . 6 Two-thirds /with water / covered / of the Earth / is / . 7 John F. Kennedy / killed / in Dallas /was / in 1963 /. 2 Complete the sentences with the active or passive, present or past. Use these verbs. 1 a This house by my grandparents. b My grandparents this house. 2 a Where I live, the rent gas and electricity. b Where I live, gas and electricity in the rent. 3 a This bike to me by my parents. b My parents me this bike. 4 a About a billion cans of Coca-Cola every day. b People about a billion cans of Coca-Cola every day. Unit 7 Past progressive Meaning You can use the past progressive to talk about an action that was in progress at a time in the past. I started making dinner at 5.30 p.m. At 6.00 p.m. I was making dinner. (point in time = 6.00 p.m.) Dinner was ready at 7.00 p.m. I left work at 4.00 p.m. When you phoned me, I was driving home. (point in time = when you phoned me) I got home at 4.20 p.m. 6.00 p.m. You phoned me NOW making dinner driving home Compare the past simple and the past progressive: I made dinner yesterday. (talking about a finished action) At 6 p.m. yesterday, I was making dinner. (saying an action was in progress at a time in the past) When she phoned me, I drove home. (She phoned me, and then I drove home.) When she phoned me, I was driving home. (She phoned me in the middle of my journey home.) give build include drink 152 G Grammar reference and practice Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eige tum des Verlags öbv
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