3. Stay out of the middle of the supermarket; shop on the perimeter of the store. Real food tends to be on the outer edge of the store near the loading docks, where it can be replaced with fresh foods when it goes bad. 4. Don’t eat anything that won’t eventually rot. “There are exceptions – honey – but as a rule, things like Twinkies that never go bad aren’t food,” Pollan says. 5. It is not just what you eat but how you eat. “Always leave the table a little hungry,” Pollan says. “Many cultures have rules that you stop eating before you are full. In Japan, they say eat until you are four-fifths full.” 6. Families traditionally ate together, around a table and not a TV, at regular meal times. It’s a good tradition. Enjoy meals with the people you love. “Remember when eating between meals felt wrong?” Pollan asks. 7. Don’t buy food where you buy your gasoline. In the U.S., 20% of food is eaten in the car. Grammar refresher #3: The passive voice Whenever you turn an active sentence that is in a progressive tense (e.g. present progressive) into a passive sentence, make sure that your new passive sentence includes the word “being”! For example: This active sentence is in the present progressive form. Active sentence: They are preparing new dietary guidelines. Passive sentence: New dietary guidelines are being prepared. To turn an active sentence with two objects into a passive sentence, it is more common to turn the object of the active sentence that is a person into the subject of the new passive sentence! (If that object is me, him, her, etc., you have to use I, he, she, etc. instead.) For example: Active sentence: His colleagues gave him a gift basket full of delicious treats. Passive sentence: He was given a gift basket full of delicious treats by his colleagues. The old object that is a person becomes the new subject, but instead of “him” you have to use “he”. Prepositions usually need to be put at or near the end of passive sentences. For example: Active sentence: Someone has tampered with the pantry lock. Passive sentence: The pantry lock has been tampered with. The preposition is at the end of the new passive sentence. Methods & strategies: Expressing agreement It is a good idea in virtually any dialogue situation to let the person you are talking to know whether you agree with what they are saying. In chapter 2, we talked about the relevance of expressing disagreement adequately and politely (1 2.6). However, expressing agreement is at least as important. Yes, there is the classic principle that silence means consent, but stating explicitly that you agree with your discussion partner is normally preferable. There are at least three reasons why you should do this. Firstly, it makes the person you are talking to feel good and contributes to a positive atmosphere. Secondly, it will gain you a considerable amount of extra credit at the oral exam in the area of fluency and interaction; and thirdly, it is an elegant way of silencing someone and signalling that you would like to chime in! The following phrases are well suited for this purpose. a [I] 4.9 This passive sentence has to include the word “being”. Otherwise, it wouldn’t be in the present progressive form. b This active sentence has two objects: “him” and “a gift basket full of delicious treats”. One of these two objects is a person. c The preposition “with” in the active sentence is followed by the object “the pantry lock”. How-to [E] [F] [G] 4.10 41 Key aspects Strategies Sample task 4 Food & health Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
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