Find words in the text which mean: 1 victim 5 obese 2 deadly 6 illness 3 contagious 7 suffering from hunger 4 avoidable 8 inoculation Situation: During your exchange year at a British school, there is a Health Awareness event at which you have agreed to give a presentation. Individual long turn (4–5 minutes): You have been asked to present global health problems. Read the fact file above and use the information in your presentation. You should: ■■ present the most frequent diseases and their causes ■■ describe how malnutrition and obesity contribute to health problems ■■ discuss how this could be prevented Interaction (8–10 minutes): After your talk, one of the other students wants to talk about the problem of obesity with you – a global health issue threatening individuals and societies alike. You should: ■■ highlight various causes (think of nutrition and lifestyle, the food industry) ■■ explain its negative effects (on individuals and society, on the economy) ■■ discuss possible solutions c Although there have been vast improvements in people’s health since the 1950s, there are still many problem areas that need to be addressed. On top of that, we are facing new challenges from quickly spreading viruses and from microbes that are resistant to known antibiotics. These are the topical health issues globally: ▪ Worldwide one billion people lack access to healthcare systems. ▪ The worldwide number one killer is the group of Cardio Vascular Diseases. Non-communi- cable diseases like CVDs cause yearly about 18 million deaths. ▪ Each year, over 7 million children under the age of 5 die of malnutrition and predominantly preventable diseases like measles despite the fact that immunisation costs less than $1 and a vaccine has been available for over 40 years. ▪ According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) far more people die of infectious diseases every year than in natural or man-made catastrophes. ▪ Among infectious diseases, the most lethal is AIDS / HIV, which is spreading with almost 2 million new infections and around 700,000 deaths per year. There are around 36 million people living with HIV. The number of AIDS related deaths has declined by 39% since 2010. Many HIV-related casualties include tuberculosis. Pneumococcal infections and tuberculosis are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. ▪ In 2018, Malaria accounted for almost 405,000 deaths worldwide with many projects under way to eradicate the disease. ▪ The WHO has repeatedly pointed out that many of these diseases are ‘diseases of poverty,’ which means that millions of people die needlessly each year. Covid-19 may eventually turn into such a disease as wealthy countries are inoculating their populations while poorer countries cannot afford to do so. ▪ In stark contrast to poverty-related diseases, but by no means limited to wealthier countries, is obesity. The number of overweight people around the world is now rivalling the number of people starving, with similar negative consequences for individuals and society as a whole. In 2019, for example, 38 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese, which would be preventable. 30 29 Language skills Extras Explore 2 Global issues Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy ODE3MDE=