Begegnungen mit der Natur 5, Arbeitsheft

27 Organsysteme des Stoffwechsels How about using English – the digestive system Complete the text below by using the terms in the table. Schulbuch Seite 92–97 O In the , the food is mixed with saliva. Saliva contains ptyalin, which breaks starch down into maltose. When the food reaches the back of the , it is forced by peristalsis to enter and pass through the Glands in the lining of the producehydrochloric acid and gastric juice. It contains enzymes which act on proteins and fat. The acid provi- des the best degree of acidity for pepsin (an enzyme which acts on proteins) to react. Furthermore, it kills bacteria that are taken in with food. 1 mouth 2 tongue 3 salivary gland 4 gullet (oesophagus) 5 stomach 6 liver 7 gall bladder 8 pancreas 9 duodenum 10 small intestine 11 appendix 12 large intestine 13 rectum 14 anus The bile (breaks up fat into microscopic droplets) secreted by the and the pancreatic juice (it contains a number of enzymes, which act on all classes of food) secreted by the are poured into the first part of the small intestine, called the . The end products of digestion (simple sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol) and vitamins cross the lining of the and enter the blood system and the lymph system. The absorbs much of the water and minerals from the undigested residues and forms the faeces, which passes out through the . 9 5 4 3 1 6 7 11 13 12 8 10 11 2 Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv