Prime Time 5/6, Writing, Arbeitsheft

4 60 Assessment 4.2 Organisation and layout 4.2.1 Assessment criteria Key questions: Is the structure of your text clear and easy to follow? Can the reader see from the layout what the structure of your text is like? Make sure your text … •• has a very clear overall structure at the text level. •• is divided into paragraphs which cover one aspect each. •• develops points in a very clear and systematic way. •• links ideas in a logical way. •• contains a wide variety of linking devices. •• follows the standard layout for the required task type throughout (visual). 4.2.2 Paragraph writing Texts are usually structured in paragraphs to make them easier to read. Each paragraph consists of: •• a topic sentence: Say what the paragraph is about. •• supporting sentences: Provide examples and give further details/explanations. •• conclusive sentence: Sum up the argument. Paragraph development When working on a paragraph, include aspects like: •• facts and statistics •• concrete details •• reasons and explanations •• specific examples •• an incident which illustrates what you are trying to say •• contrast and comparison Coherent style Follow these guidelines to create a coherent paragraph: •• Discuss only one aspect of the topic. Each new aspect should be covered in a separate paragraph. •• Arrange your ideas/paragraphs according to a definite plan (e.g. order of time, order of space or position, order of importance). •• Use pronouns and other linking devices (e.g. conjunctions, linking phrases) to strengthen coherence. How to write a good paragraph •• Note down a few key words first. •• Write a topic sentence. •• Think of a paragraph as one argument in the text. •• To check if it is coherent, read it out loud. Does it sound right? •• Check if there is a logical link between the sentences of a paragraph. •• If one sentence does not fit, change the sentence or the linking device so that it is in line with the rest of the paragraph. •• Check if your paragraph still deals with the topic. Tip T If you feel tempted to use a phrase like “As I have said before”, check the text again. This might be an indication that the structure of your text is flawed, because you want to say something which you have said before. Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv