Prime Time 5/6, Writing, Arbeitsheft

13 2.5 Summarising Summarising is an important part of the writing process. It helps you to recognise clearly what an author wants to say and how these ideas are organised. This can also help you to improve the structure of your texts. 2.5.1 First steps Tip T Good summaries … • • tell the main idea clearly. • • explain all of the important points. • • condense a lot of information. • • are written in your own words. You should … • • ask yourself why the text was written. • • leave out unnecessary details. • • shorten the text. • • not use the same words, phrases, or sentence structure as the original. Identifying the main ideas of a text a) Read the following text on the effects of screen time on children’s sleep. b) While reading, highlight the most important information. Too much screen time negatively affects children’s sleep 8  Passing a child a cell phone, tablet, or e-reader can be a lifesaver for a busy parent. Screen time works magic on the road, in restaurants, or when you want a little bit of quiet time to get something done. There are benefits to children using technology too, but there are also drawbacks. For one thing, too much screen time before going to bed is affecting how much sleep kids get, according to new research. Although the findings may be a bit worrying, timing when and how long kids have access to devices can be the secret to making them work for you and your family. In particular, parents may want to consider keeping electronics away from children in the hours preceding bedtime. Researchers from the University of Colorado reported, “Of more than five dozen studies looking at youths aged 5 to 17 from around the world, 90 per cent have found that more screen time is associated with delayed bedtimes, fewer hours of sleep and poorer sleep quality.” The results of this review found three reasons why screen time negatively impacts how long children sleep. • Much of the content is simply too stimulating to get children ready for bed, particularly mobile and computer games. • The light coming from devices makes it harder to fall asleep, by “lowering the body’s levels of melatonin”, a hormone that helps the body know when it is time to go to sleep. • Screens today are smaller and more compact, making them easier to sneak into bed. Researchers determined that these factors keep children from getting enough sleep. The National Sleep Foundation’s 2014 “Sleep in America Poll” reported over 30 per cent of elementary school children and over 50 per cent of middle and high school students failed to get their nightly sleep requirement. Unfortunately, not getting enough sleep can have a negative impact on one’s health, as the 2014 study noted that healthy sleep patterns in childhood and adolescence are associated with lower obesity risk, better psychological well-being, improved cognitive functioning and lower risk-taking behaviours. Children need a lot of sleep, so making the most of the night hours is important. Preschoolers need 10 to 13 hours, while grade school-aged children should get between 9 and 12 hours, and teens should be sleeping between 8 and 10 hours a night, according to Harvard Medical School. Additionally, most children need closer to the maximum number of hours to function at their best. Removing the temptation to stare at a screen and taking away those blue-lit screens before bed can help you reach these sleep goals. That is why researchers suggest that parents remove electronics from children’s bedrooms – including TVs and cell phones – and set a firm bedtime routine. In addition, it is also important to ensure that children understand the importance of getting a good night’s sleep so that they can develop their own sleep patterns. ( Romper.com, 5 November 2017; adapted) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv