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Grammar reference and practice 140 Unit 10 Present perfect BEDEUTUNG Verwenden Sie das Present perfect , um über Erfahrungen zu sprechen, die von der Vergangenheit bis in die Gegenwart andauern. Das Present perfect wird nicht für Ereignisse verwendet, die in der Vergangenheit abgeschlossen wurden. Benutzen Sie dafür das Past simple . I’ve been to France in 1990 . I went to France in 1990. I’ve seen Frank yesterday . I saw Frank yesterday. In Fragen können Sie ever (= jemals in Ihrem Leben) verwenden. Have you ever been to France? I went to France in 2004. I went to China in 2007. I went to India in 2009. I’ve been to France, China and India. NOW FORM Das Present perfect wird mit have / has + Past participle (Partizip Perfekt, 3. Form des Verbs) gebildet. I, you, we, they he, she, it I’ve seen all the James Bond films. We haven’t met Frank. We’ve never met Frank. Have they been to Spain? Yes, they have . No, they haven’t . She’s visited more than twenty countries. He hasn’t been to Japan. He’s never been to Japan. Has she met Frank? Yes, she has . No, she hasn’t . Einige Past participles sind unregelmäßig, haben aber die gleiche Form wie das Past simple . buy Æ bought have Æ had meet Æ met Manche Past participles sind unregelmäßig und haben eine andere Form als das Past simple . Diese Verben enden oftmals mit -n . eat Æ ate Æ eaten do Æ did Æ done see Æ saw Æ seen Das Verb go besitzt zwei Past participles : been und gone . He’s been to India. (= He went to India and he came back.) He’s gone to India. (= He went to India and he’s in India now.) Zu den Past participles , siehe Irregular verbs auf S. 141. Kurzformen: I’ve = I have you’ve = you have we’ve = we have they’ve = they have he’s = he has she’s = she has it’s = it has haven’t = have not hasn’t = has not Die meisten Past participles sind regelmäßig und enden mit -ed . In diesen Fällen ist das Past participle mit der Verbform im Past simple identisch. like Æ lik ed smoke Æ smok ed visit Æ visit ed 1a Make questions with the present perfect. 1 you / go to India? 2 you / meet someone famous? 3 you / have a holiday abroad? 4 you / swim in the sea? 5 you / read a book more than once? 6 you / learn a foreign language apart from English? 7 your country / win the football world cup? 8 you / ride a motorbike? 9 you / do karate or judo? 10 you / be on a ship? Have you been to India? PRACTICE 1b Ask and answer the questions in pairs. 2 Circle the correct verb in the present perfect or the past simple. 1 Have you seen / Did you see Stefan at the party last night? 2 She’s been / She went to Paris six times, and now she wants to go again! 3 I’ve left / I left primary school about five years ago. 4 Where have you been / were you last night? 5 The first modern Olympics have been / were in Greece in 1896. 6 The modern Olympics have been / were in Greece twice. 7 My brother’s a journalist. He’s visited / He visited a lot of countries. 8 My great-grandfather was a journalist. He’s visited / He visited a lot of countries in the 1890s. 9 I never / have never smoked. 10 I started / have started school when I was five. Nur zu Prüfzwecken – Eigentum des Verlags öbv